High carbohydrate diets enhances lipogenesis and reduces Paraoxonase-1 activity in Isoproterenol induced Myocardial Infarction

Improving diet is a critical component in the management of cardiovascular diseases such as myocardial infarction (MI). Most of the staple diets used worldwide, especially by Asians are high in carbohydrates. The key aim of this study was to investigate how different high carbohydrate diets (HCD) affect paraoxonase-1 (PON1) and lipogenic enzymes activity along with the lipid levels. Rats were fed with different carbohydrate (75%) diets (rice, cassava or corn starch) and standard diet (60% carbohydrates) for 60 days followed by the subcutaneous injection of isoproterenol for the induction of MI. The activity of creatine kinase-MB and the activity of xanthine oxidase showed an increased activity after the consumption of HCD with a maximum shown in rice fed group. Consumption of HCD enhanced lipogenesis as indicated by the high levels of total cholesterol, LDL+ VLDL cholesterol and triglycerides and decreased level of HDL. HCD fed groups showed a decreased activity of PON1 with a maximum decrease in activity in rice fed group. Thus the study showed that consumption of HCD’s especially rice may provide a favorable condition for the onset of MI. It is mediated by enhanced oxidative stress, elevated lipogenesis and decreased PON1 activity.